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1.1.1_ : HYSTERIA: One of the less severe mental illnesses called neuroses. In hysteria, a person feels physically ill, but is really mentally ill. Conflicts between thoughts and emotions that the person is not aware of cause the distress rather than any physical disease. Psychiatrists call these struggles unconcious conflicts.
A person with hysteria may have any sort of physical complaint. The person may complain of heart disease, of stomach pains, of vomiting, or of weakness of the arms or the legs. In this way, hysteria may imitate any one of many physical illnesses. A hysterical person's muscles, nerves, and organs do not function properly, even though these parts of the body are otherwise healthy. For this reason, doctors often call hysteria a functional neurosis.
People are often called hysterical when they are up-set, excited, and unable to control their feelings. We often hear of "hysterical weeping" or "hysterical rage". Such outbursts of feeling may have nothing to do with the neurosis that psychiatrists call hysteria. In some cases, these outbursts occur in normal persons. They may also occur in persons who have mental illnesses other than hysteria, as well as in those with hysteria.
Psychiatrists usually treat hysteria by using some type of psychotherapy designed to help the pacient understand his or her unconcious conflicts. Treatment with drugs and hypnosis may also be used along with the psychotherapy.
See also: NEUROSIS; MENTAL ILLNESS; PSYCHOTHERAPY.
(by Charles Brenner)
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